Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), inozivikanwawo sekuvhiyiwa kwekutsiva ibvi, inzira ine chinangwa chekutsiva chakakuvara kana chakasakaraibvi rakabatanapamwe neartificial implant kana prosthesis. Inowanzoitwa kuderedza marwadzo uye kuvandudza kushanda kune vanhu vane arthritis yakaoma yemabvi, rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, kana mamwe mamiriro anokanganisa mabvi akabatanidzwa.
Heino mhedziso yemaitiro ekuvhiya anobatanidzwa mune yakazara mabvi arthroplasty:
Pre-operative Evaluation: Pamberi pekuvhiyiwa, murwere anoongororwa zvakakwana, kusanganisira kuongorora nhoroondo yezvokurapa, kuongorora muviri, zvidzidzo zvekufungidzira (zvakadai se-X-rays kana MRI), uye dzimwe nguva kuongororwa kweropa. Izvi zvinobatsira boka rekuvhiya kuti riongorore hutano hwemurwere uye kuronga nzira yacho maererano.
Anesthesia: Total knee arthroplasty inowanzoitwa pasi peanesthesia, spinal anesthesia, kana kusanganiswa kwezvose. Kusarudzwa kweanesthesia kunoenderana nehutano hwemurwere, zvaanoda, uye kurudziro yechiremba.
Incision: Kana imwe anesthesia inoshandiswa, chiremba anovhiya anoita incision pamusoro pemabvi akabatanidzwa. Saizi nenzvimbo yekuchekwa inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita sechimiro chemurwere uye nzira yekuvhiya inoshandiswa. Kazhinji incision nzvimbo dzinosanganisira kumberi (anterior), side (lateral), kana kumberi kwemabvi (midline).
Kuratidzira uye Kugadzirira: Mushure mekuwana mabvi akabatanidzwa, chiremba anovhiya anonyatso fambisa parutivi matishu akatenderedza kuti afumure yakakuvadzwa majoini. Iyo cartilage yakakuvadzwa uye bhonzo inobva yabviswa kubva kufemur (chidya chepfu), tibia (shin bone), uye dzimwe nguva patella (kneecap) kuti zvigadzirire kuiswa kwezvikamu zveprosthetic.
Kudyara: Izvo zvikamu zveprosthetic zvinosanganisira simbi uye zvikamu zvepurasitiki zvakagadzirirwa kudzokorora chimiro chechisikigo uye basa remabvi akabatanidzwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira simbichikamu chechikadzi, simbi kana purasitikitibial chikamu, uye dzimwe nguva plastiki patellar chikamu. Izvo zvikamu zvinochengeterwa kubhonzo uchishandisa simende yebhonzo kana ne-press-fit matekiniki, zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuisa uye zvinodiwa nachiremba.
Kuvharwa: Kana zvikamu zveprosthetic zviripo uye mabvi akabatanidzwa akaedzwa kuti agadzikane uye mararamiro ekufamba, chiremba anovhiya anovhara kuvharwa ne sutures kana staples. Chipfeko chisina kuchena chinoiswa pamusoro penzvimbo yekucheka.
Post-operative Care: Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, murwere anonyatsotariswa munzvimbo yekudzorera asati aendeswa kune imwe kamuri yechipatara kana nzvimbo yekuchengetedza mushure. Pain management, kurapa kwemuviri, uye kudzoreredza zvinhu zvakakosha zve post-operative chirongwa chekusimudzira kuporesa, kuwanazve simba remabvi uye basa, uye kudzivirira matambudziko.
Total knee arthroplasty inzira yakabudirira zvikuru iyo inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya hupenyu kune vanhu vanotambura nekurwadziwa kwebvi uye kusashanda zvakanaka. Zvisinei, sezvakangoita kuvhiyiwa kupi nokupi, kune njodzi uye zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko, kusanganisira kutapukirwa, kugwamba kweropa, kusunungura kudyara, uye kuoma. Zvakakosha kuti varwere vatevedzere mirairo yechiremba wavo yekuvhiyiwa kwekuchengetwa kwemashure uye kudzorera kuti vawane migumisiro yakanakisisa.
Nguva yekutumira: May-17-2024